In his obituary in the BMJ in 1930, it states:

It was there [Glasgow Maternity Hospital] that he performed his series of twelve consecutive successful Caesarean section operations, which established the procedure on a sound and scientific basis in this country, and removed the dread with which the operation had been previously regarded.

Starting from the first Caesarean section on a young woman with rickets carried out in 1888 and reported in the British Medical Journal on 26th January 1889, Cameron performed a series of Caesarean sections in which both mother and baby lived. By October 1890, Cameron reported in the British Medical Journal a series of 14 successful cases of Caesarean section with no mortality. A photograph of the first three women to undergo the successful Caesarean section survives. Since then, the technique has become part of the routine armoury of obstetrics and although rates vary somewhat, around a quarter of all births in Western countries take place using this method.

Dow (1984) puts down Cameron's achievement to several factors, which in combination, led to his success. Cameron carefully monitored the cases that he took, carried out the operation with strict adherence to the principles of aseptic surgery and additionally, he was undoubtedly a skilled surgeon. As a result, of his success, which was internationally recognised, Cameron was appointed honorary President of the first International Congress on Obstetrics and Gynaecology in 1892. In 1894, he took up the position of Regius Professor of Midwifery at the University of Glasgow, a position he held for 32 years.